Literatur unterteilt nach Themenkomplexen

Herausgeber: Interdisziplinäre Arbeitsgruppe Hodentumoren


Einleitung
Anamnestische Angaben zu Risikofaktoren
Sicherung der Diagnose
Behandlung des Primärtumors und kontralaterale Hodenbiopsie
Pathologische Diagnostik
Ausbreitungsdiagnostik
Fertilität und therapiebedingte gonadale Toxizität
Prognosefaktoren Frühstadien
Prognosefaktoren fortgeschrittene Stadien
Therapie der TIN
Therapie Seminom CS I
Therapie des Seminoms CS II A/B
Therapie des Nicht-Seminoms CS I
Therapie des Nicht-Seminoms CS IIA/B
Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Stadien
Therapie bei Hirnmetastasen
Therapiesteuerung
Residualtumoresektion
Konsolidierende Chemotherapie nach Resektion von vitalem Tumor
Systemische Salvagetherapie
Operative Rezidiv-/Salvagetherapie
Organisatorisches zur Durchführung der Lymphadenektomie und Chemotherapie
Evaluation des Therapieergebnisses
Nachsorge - Studien, die sich ausschliesslich mit Nachsorgeempfehlungen befassen
Nachsorge Seminom im klinischen Stadium I
Nachsorge Seminome im klinischen Stadium II A/B nach Radiotherapie
Nachsorge Seminome im klinischen Stadium II B nach Chemotherapie (3 Zyklen Standardtherapie)
Nachsorge Nicht-Seminome im klinischen Stadium I nach retroperitonealer Lymphadenektomie (RLA)
Nachsorge Surveillance
Nachsorge Nicht-Seminom II A/B nach RLA und adjuvanter Chemotherapie
Nachsorge Nicht-Seminom II A, RLA ohne adjuvante Chemotherapie
Nachsorge Primäre Chemotherapie und/oder Postchemotherapie RLA (PCRLA)
Nachsorge Seminome und Nicht-Seminome II C/III
Spätrezidive
Becken CT / Thorax CT
Mögliche Spätfolgen / Induktion von Sekundärneoplasien


Einleitung

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Sicherung der Diagnose

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Behandlung des Primärtumors und kontralaterale Hodenbiopsie

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Pathologische Diagnostik

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Ausbreitungsdiagnostik

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Fertilität und therapiebedingte gonadale Toxizität

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Prognosefaktoren Frühstadien

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98. Böhlen D, Borner M, Sonntag RW, Fey MF, Studer UE (1999) Longterm results following adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with clinical stage I testicular nonseminomatous malignant germ cell tumors with high risk factors. J Urol 161, 1148-1152

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104. Madej G, Pawinski A (1991) Risk-related adjuvant chemotherapy for stage I non-seminoma of the testis. Clin Oncol 3, 270-272

105. Read G, Stenning SP, Cullen MH, Parkinson MC, Horwich A, Kaye SB, Cook PA (1992) Medical Research Council prospective study of surveillance for stage I testicular teratoma. Medical Research Council Testicular Tumors Working Party. J Clin Oncol 10, 1762-1768

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Prognosefaktoren fortgeschrittene Stadien

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Therapie der TIN

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117. Skakkebaek NE, Berthelsen JG, Müller J (1982) Carcinoma in situ of the undescended testis. Urol Clin North Am 9, 377-385

118. Dieckmann KP, Besserer A, Loy V (1993) Low-dose radiation therapy for testicular intraepithelial neoplasia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 119, 355-359

119. Dieckmann KP, Loy V (1998) The value of the biopsy of the contralateral testis in patients with testicular germ cell cancer: the recent German experience. Apmis 106, 13-20

120. Christensen TB, Daugaard G, Geertsen PF, von der Maase H (1998) Effect of chemotherapy on carcinoma in situ of the testis. Ann Oncol 9, 657-660
 

Therapie Seminom CS I

93. von der Maase H (1999) Prognostic factors for stage I seminoma. UICC-Symposium on Testicular Cancer, Tübingen, Abstractband, 21-22

94. Warde P, von der Maase H, Horwich A, Gospodarowicz M, Panzarella T, Specht L (1998) Prognostic factors for relapse in stage I seminoma managed by surveillance. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 17, 309a (abstr. 1188)

95. Warde P, Gospodarowicz MK, Banerjee D, Panzarella T, Sugar L, Catton CN, Sturgeon JFG, Moore M, Jewett MAS (1997) Prognostic factors for relapse in stage I testicular seminoma treated with surveillance. J Urol 157, 1705-1710

97. Horwich A, Alsanjari N, A’Hern R, Nicholls J, Dearnaley DP, Fisher C (1992) Surveillance following orchiectomy for stage I testicular seminoma. Br J Cancer 65, 775–778

121. von der Maase H, Warde P, Specht L, Horwich A, Gospodarowicz M, Panzarella T (1998) Prognostic factors for relapse following surveillance in seminoma stage I patients. Radiother Oncol 48 (Suppl. 1), 11 (abstract 42)

122. Warde PR, Gospodarowicz MK, Goodman PJ, Sturgeon JF, Jewett MA, Catton CN, Richmond H, Thomas G, Duncan W, Munro AJ (1993) Results of a policy of surveillance in stage I testicular seminoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27, 11-15

123. Warde P, Gospodarowicz MK, Panzarella T, Catton CN, Sturgeon JF, Moore M, Goodman P, Jewett MA (1995) Stage I testicular seminoma: results of adjuvant irradiation and surveillance. J Clin Oncol 13, 2255-2262

124. Fossa SD, Horwich A, Russel JM, Roberts JT, Cullen MH, Hodsen NJ, Jones WG, Yosef H, Duchesne GM, Owen JR, Grosch EJ, Chetiyawardana AD, Reed NS, Widmer B, Stenning SP (1999) Optimal planning target volume for stage I testicular seminoma: a Medical Research Council randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 17, 1146-1154

125. Bamberg M, Schmidberger H, Meisner C, Classen J, Souchon R, Weinknecht S, Schorcht J, Walter F, Engenhart-Cabillic R, Schulz U, Born H, Flink M (1999) Radiotherapy for stage I, IIA/B testicular seminoma. Int J Cancer 83, 823-827

126. Jones CU, Rosenthal SA, Chang GC, Andra EJ, Stickney DR, Russel AH, Wolkov HB, Linstadt DE, Banker FL, Leibenhaut MH (1998) Is pelvic RT necessary in the treatment of stage I testicular seminoma? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 42 (Suppl.1), 2117

127. Kiricuta IO, Sauer J, Bohndorf W (1996) Omission of the pelvic irradiation in stage I testicular seminoma: A study of postorchiectomy paraaortic radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 35, 293-298 

128. Warde P, Jewett MAS (1998) Surveillance for stage I testicular seminoma. Is it a good option? Urol Clin North Am 25, 425-433

129. Logue JP, Mobarek N, Read G (1998) Short fractionation para-aortic radiotherapy for stage I seminoma of the testis. Radiother Oncol 48 (Suppl. 1), 10

130. Dieckmann K-P, Brüggeboes B, Pichlmeier U, Küster J, Müllerleile U, Bartels H (2000) Adjuvant treatment of clinical stage I seminoma: Is one single course of carboplatin sufficient? Urology 55, 102-106

131. Mason M, Jones W (1997) Treatment of stage I seminoma: more choice, more dilemmas. Clin Oncol 9, 210-212

132. Oliver RTD, Ong J (1996) Seventeen years experience of phase I/II studies of single agent platinum compounds as alternatives to radiation for metastatic and stage I seminoma. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 15, 244 (abstract 613)

133. Krege S, Kalund G, Otto T, Goepel M, Rübben H (1997) Phase II study: adjuvant single-agent carboplatin therapy for clinical stage I seminoma. Eur Urol 31, 405-407 

134. Dosman MA, Zagars GK (1993) Postorchiectomy radiotherapy for stages I and II testicular seminoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 26, 381-390

135. Zagars GK (1996) Management of stage I seminoma: radiotherapy. In Horwich A (ed): Testicular Cancer: investigation and management. Chapman & Hall, London, pp 99-106

136. Travis LB, Curtis RE, Storm H, Hall P, Holowaty E, Van Leeuwen FE, Kohler BA, Pukkala E, Lynch CF, Andersson M, Bergfeldt K, Clarke EA, Wiklund T, Stoter G, Gospodarowicz M, Sturgeon J, Fraumeni JF, Boice JD (1997) Risk of second malignant neoplasms among long-term survivors of testicular cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 89, 1429-1439

137. Travis L, Andersson M, Holowarty E, Van Leeuwen F, Bergfeldt K, Lynch C, Kohler B, Wiklund T, Curtis R, Storm H, Clarke E, Hall P, Pukkala E, Sturgeon J, Boice Jr, J, Gospodarowicz M, Sovall M, Gilbert E (1999) Risk of leukemia following radiotherapy and chemotherapy for testicular cancer. Proc Am Soc Clin Onc 18, 308a (abstract 1185)

138. Sternberg CN (1998) The management of stage I testis cancer. Urol Clin North Am 25, 435-449

139. von der Maase H, Specht L, Jacobsen GK, Jakobsen A, Madsen EL, Pedersen M, Rorth M, Schultz H (1993) Surveillance following orchiectomy for stage I seminoma of the testis. Eur J Cancer 29A, 1931-1934

140. Fossa SD, Moynihan C, Serbuti S (1996) Patients‘ and doctors‘ perception of long-term morbidity in patients with testicular cancer clinical stage I. Support Care Cancer 4, 118-128 
 

Therapie Seminom CS II A/B

31. Capelouto CC, Clark PE, Ransil BJ, Loughlin KR (1995) A review of scrotal violation in testicular cancer: Is adjuvant local therapy necessary? J Urol 153, 981-985

141. Schmidberger H, Bamberg M, Meisner C, Classen J, Winkler C, Hartmann M, Templin R, Wiegel T, Dornoff W, Ross D, Thiel H-J, Martini C, Haase W (1997) Radiotherapy in stage IIA and IIB testicular seminoma with reduced portals: a prospective multicenter study. Int J Radiol Oncol Biol Phys 39, 321-326

142. Bauman GS, Venkatesan VM, Ago CT, Radwan JS, Dar AR, Winquist EW (1998)

Postoperative radiotherapy for stage I/II seminoma: results of 212 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 42, 313-317

143. Bayens YC, Helle PA, van Putten WLJ, Mali SPM (1992) Orchidectomy followed by radiotherapy in 176 stage I and II testicular seminoma patients: benefits of a 10-year follow-up study. Radiother Oncol 25, 97-102 

144. Hültenschmidt B, Budach V, Genters K, Sack H (1996) Results of radiotherapy for 230 patients with stage I-II seminomas. Strahlenther Onkol 172, 186-192 

145. Kellokumpu-Lehtinen P, Halme A (1990) Results of treatment in irradiated testicular seminoma patients. Radiother Oncol 18, 1-7

146. Lai PP, Bernstein MJ, Kim H, Perez CA, Wasserman TH, Kucik NA (1993) Radiation therapy for stage I and IIA testicular seminoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Bio Phys 28, 373-379

147. Lederman GS, Herman TS, Jochelson M, Silver BJ, Chaffey JT, Garnick MB, Richie J, Sheldon TA, Coleman CN (1989) Radiation therapy of seminoma: 17-year experience at the Joint Center for radiation therapy. Radiother Oncol 14, 203-208

148. Vallis KA, Howard GCW, Duncan W, Cornbleet MA, Kerr GR (1995) Radiotherapy for stage I and II testicular seminoma: results and morbidity in 238 patients. Brit J Radiol 68, 400-405 

149. Warde P, Gospodarowicz M, Panzarella T, Catton C, Sturgeon J, Moore M, Jewett M (1998) Management of stage II seminoma. J Clin Oncol 16, 290-294

150. Whipple GL, Sagerman RH, van Rooy EM (1997) Long-term evaluation of postorchiectomy radiotherapy for stage II seminoma. Am J Clin Oncol (CCT) 20, 196-201 

151. Kennedy CL, Hendry WF, Peckham MJ (1986) The significance of scrotal interference in stage I testicular cancer managed by orchiectomy and surveillance. Brit J Urol 58, 705-708

152. Thomas GM, Rider WD, Dembo AJ, Cummings BJ, Gospodarowicz M, Hawkins NV, Herman JG, Keen CW (1982) Seminoma of the testis: results of treatment and patterns of failure after radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 8, 165-174

153. Zagars GK, Babaian RJ (1987) The role of radiation in stage II testicular seminoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 13, 162-170
 

Therapie Nicht-Seminom CS I

58. Fernandez EB, Moul JW, Foley JP, Colon E, McLeod DG (1994) Retroperitoneal imaging with third and fourth generation computed axial tomography in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Urology 44, 548-552 

99. Klepp O, Dahl O, Flodgren P, Stierner U, Olsson AM, Oldbring J, Nilsson S, Daehlin L, Tornblom M, Smaland R, Starkhammar H, Abramsson L, Wist E, Raabe N, Edekling T, Cavallin-Stahl E (1997) Risk-adapted treatment of clinical stage I non-seminoma testis cancer. Eur J Cancer 33, 1038-1044

101. Ondrus D, Matoska J, Belan V, Kausitz J, Goncalves F, Hornak M (1998) Prognostic factors in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors: rationale for different risk-adapted treatment. Eur Urol 33, 562-566

105. Read G, Stenning SP, Cullen MH et al. (1992) Medical Research Council prospective study of surveillance for stage I testicular teratoma. J Clin Oncol 10, 1762-1768

110. Kratzik Ch, Höltl W, Albrecht W, Pont J, Zielinski CH, Breindl E, Pummer K, Hubmer G, Marberger M (1996) Risk adapted management for NSGCT stage 1 - long-term results of a multicenter study. J Urol 157, 547A

114. Sesterhenn IA, Weiss RB, Mostofi FK, Stablein DM, Rowland RG, Falkson G, Rivkind SE, Vogelzang NJ (1992) Prognosis and other clinical correlates of pathologic review in stage I and II testicular carcinoma: a report from the Testicular Cancer Intergroup Study. J Clin Oncol 10, 69-78

140. Fossa SD, Moynihan C, Serbuti S (1996) Patients‘ and doctors‘ perception of long-term morbidity in patients with testicular cancer clinical stage I. Support Care Cancer 4, 118-128

154. Pizzocaro G, Nicolai N, Salvioni R, Piva L, Faustini M, Zanoni F, Milani A (1992) Comparison between clinical and pathological staging in low stage nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors. J Urol 148, 76-79

155. Donohue JP, Thornhill JA, Foster RS, Rowland RS, Bihrle R (1993) Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for clinical stage A testis cancer (1965-1989): modifications of technique and impact on ejaculation. J Urol 149, 237-243

156. Sharir S, Foster RS, Jewett MAS, Sturgeon JFG, Moore M, Donohue JP (1996) Optimizing follow up for early stage nonseminomatous testicular cancer. J Urol 155 (Suppl.), 327a (abstract 67)

157. Weissbach L, Boedefeld EA, Horstmann-Dubral B, for Testicular Tumor Study Group Bonn (1990) Surgical treatment of stage-I non-seminomatous germ cell testis tumor. Eur Urol 17, 97-106

158. Donohue JP, Foster RS, Rowland RG, Bihrle R, Jones J, Geier G (1990) Nervesparing retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy with preservation of ejaculation. J Urol 144, 287-292

159. Baniel J, Foster RS, Rowland RG, Bihrle R, Donohue JP (1994) Complications of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. J Urol 152, 424-427

160. Pont J, Albrecht W, Postner G, Sellner F, Angel K, Holtl W (1996) Adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular germ cell cancer: long-term results of a prospective trial. J Clin Oncol 14, 441-448

161. Cullen MH, Stenning SP, Parkinson MC, Fossa SD, Kaye SB, Horwich AH, Harland SJ, Williams MV, Jakes R (1996) Short-course adjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis: a Medical Research Council report. J Clin Oncol 14, 1106-1113

162. Hartmann JT, Albrecht C, Schmoll HJ, Kuczyk MA, Kollmannsberger C, Bokemeyer C (1999) Long term effects on sexual function and fertility after treatment of testicular cancer. Br J Cancer 80, 801-807
 

Therapie Nicht-Seminom CS II A/B

159. Baniel J, Foster RS, Rowland RG, Bihrle R, Donohue JP (1994) Complications of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. J Urol 152, 424-427

163. Williams SD, Stablein DM, Einhorn LH et al. (1987) Immediate adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation with treatment at relapse in pathological stage II testicular cancer. New Engl J Med 317, 1433-1438

164. Weißbach L, Bussar-Maatz R, Flechtner H, Pichlmeier U, Hartmann M, Keller L (2000) RPLND or primary chemotherapy in clinical stage IIA/B non-seminomatous germ cell tumors? – Results of a prospective multi-centre trial including quality of life assessment. Eur Urol (2000) in press

165. Donohue JP, Thornhill JA, Foster RS, Bihrle R, Rowland RG, Einhorn LH (1995) The role of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in clinical stage B testis cancer: The Indiana University experience (1965 to 1989). J Urol 153, 85-89

166. Kennedy BJ, Torkelson JL, Fraley EE (1994) Adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II nonseminomatous germ cell cancer of the testis. Cancer 73, 1485-1489

167. Jewitt MAS, Sturgeon JFG, Gospodarowicz MK et al. (1993) Comparison of the natural history of stage I nonseminoma and seminoma testis using the result of expectant management. J Urol 149, 308 A

168. de Bruin MJFM, Oosterhof GON, Debruyne FM (1993) Nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for low stage testicular cancer. Br J Urol 71, 336-339

169. Pont J, Albrecht W (1997) Fertility after chemotherapy for testicular germ cell cancer. Fertil Steril 68, 1-5

170. Brennemann W, Stoffel-Wagner B, Herlmers A, Mezger J, Jäger N, Klingmüller D (1997) Gonadal function of patients treated with cisplatin based chemotherapy for germ

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171. Pizzocaro G, Monfardini S (1994) No adjuvant chemotherapy in selected patients with pathological stage II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. J Urol 131, 677-680

172. Weißbach L, Hartlapp JH (1991) Adjuvant chemotherapy of metastatic stage II non-seminomatous testis tumor. J Urol 146, 1285-1298

173. Kuczyk M, Machtens S, Stief C, Jonas U (1999) Management of the post-chemotherapy residual mass in patients with advanced stage non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (GCT). Int J Cancer 83, 852-855

174. Horwich A, Stenning S (1994) Initial chemotherapy for stage II testicular nonseminoma. World J Urol 12, 148-150

175. Horwich A, Huddart R, Dearnaley D (1998) Markers and management of germ-cell tumours of the testis. Lancet 352 (9139), 1535-1538

176. Logothetis CJ, Samuels ML, Selig DE, Johnson DE, Swanson DA, von Eschenbach AC (1985) Primary chemotherapy followed by a selective retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in the management of clinical stage II testicular carcinoma: a preliminary report. J Urol 134, 1127-1130

177. Peckham MJ, Hendry WF (1985) Clinical stage II non-seminatous germ cell testicular tumors. Results of management by primary chemotherapy. Br J Urol 57, 763-768

178. Aass N, Kaasa S, Lund E, Kaalhus O, Heier MS, Fossa SD (1990) Long term somatic side-effects and morbidity in testicular cancer patients. Brit J Cancer 61, 151-155

179. Boyer MJ, Cox K, Tattersall MH et al. (1997) Active surveillance after orchiectomy for nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors: late relapse may occur. Urology 50, 588-592

180. Stuart NSA, Woodroffe CM, Grundy R, Cullen MH (1990) Long-term toxicity of chemotherapy for testicular cancer-the cost of cure. Br J Cancer 61, 479-484

181. Bokemeyer C, Schmoll H-J (1993) Secondary neoplasms following treatment of malignant germ cell tumors. J Clin Oncol 11, 1703-1709
 

Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Stadien

77. International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) (1997) The International Germ Cell Consensus Classification: a prognostic factor based staging system for metastatic germ cell cancer. J Clin Oncol 15, 594-603

81. Mead GM (1995) International consensus prognostic classification for metastatic germ cell tumours treated with platinum based chemotherapy: final report of the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 14, 235 (abstract 615)

182. de Wit R, Stoter G, Kaye SB, Sleijfer DT, Jones WG, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, Rea LA, Collette L, Sylvester R (1997) Importance of bleomycin in combination chemotherapy for good-prognosis testicular nonseminoma: a randomized study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol 15, 1837-1843 

183. Horwich A, Sleijfer DT, Fossa SD, Kaye SB, Oliver RT, Cullen MH, Mead GM, de Wit R, de Mulder PH, Dearnaley DP, Cook PA, Sylvester RJ, Stenning SP (1997) Randomized trial of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin compared with bleomycin, etoposide, and carboplatin in good-prognosis metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell cancer: a multiinstitutional Medical Research Council/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Trial. J Clin Oncol 15, 1844-1852

184. Bokemeyer C, Kuczyk MA, Köhne H, Einsele H, Kynast B, Schmoll HJ (1996) Hematopoetic growth factors and treatment of testicular cancer: biological interactions, routine use and dose intensive chemotherapy. Ann Hematol 72, 1-9 

185. Fossa SD, Kaye SB, Mead GM, Cullen M, de Wit R, Bodrogi I, van Groeningen CJ, de Mulder PH; Stenning S; Lallemand E; de Prijck L; Collette L (1998) Filgrastim during combination chemotherapy of patients with poor-prognosis metastatic germ cell malignancy. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Genito-Urinary Group, and the Medical Research Council Testicular Cancer Working Party, Cambridge, United Kingdom. J Clin Oncol 16, 716-724 

186. de Wit R, Stoter G, Sleijfer DT, NeijtJP, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, de Prijck L, Collette L, Sylvester R (1998) Four cycles of BEP vs four cycles of VIP in patients with intermediate-prognosis metastatic testicular non-seminoma: a randomized study of the EORTC Genitourinary Tract Cancer Cooperative Group. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Br J Cancer 78, 828-832 

187. de Wit R, Louwerens M, de Mulder PH, Verweij J, Rodenhuis S, Schornagel J (1999) Management of intermediate-prognosis germ-cell cancer: results of a phase I/II study of Taxol-BEP. Int J Cancer 83, 831-833

188. Nichols CR, Catalano PJ, Crawford ED, Vogelzang NJ, Einhorn LH, Loehrer PJ (1998) Randomized comparison of cisplatin and etoposide and either bleomycin or ifosfamide in treatment of advanced disseminated germ cell tumors: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Southwest Oncology Group, and Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study. J Clin Oncol 16, 1287-1293

189. Bokemeyer C, Kollmannsberger C, Meisner C, Harstrick A, Beyer J, Metzner B, Hartmann JT, Schmoll HJ, Einhorn L, Kanz L, Nichols C (1999) First-line high-dose chemotherapy compared with standard-dose PEB/VIP chemotherapy in patients with advanced germ cell tumors: A multivariate and matched-pair analysis. J Clin Oncol 17, 3450-3456 

190. Motzer RJ, Mazumdar M, Bajorin DF, Bosl GJ, Lyn P, Vlamis V (1997) High-dose carboplatin, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide with autologous bone marrow transplantation in first-line therapy for patients with poor-risk germ cell tumors. J Clin Oncol 15, 2546-52
 

Therapie bei Hirnmetastasen

78. Bokemeyer C, Nowak P, Haupt A, Metzner B, Köhne H, Hartmann JT, Kanz L, Schmoll HJ (1997) Treatment of brain metastases in patients with testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol 15, 1449-1454

79. Fossa SD, Bokemeyer C, Gerl A, Culine S, Jones WG, Mead GM, Germa-Lluch JR, Pont J, Schmoll HJ, Tjulandin S (1999) Treatment outcome of patients with brain metastases from malignant germ cell tumors. Cancer 85, 988-97

191. Spears WT, Morphis JG, Lester SG, Williams SD, Einhorn LH (1991) Brain metastases and testicular tumors: long-term survival. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 22, 17-22
 

Therapiesteuerung

77. International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) (1997) The International Germ Cell Consensus Classification: a prognostic factor based staging system for metastatic germ cell cancer. J Clin Oncol 15, 594-603

190. Motzer RJ, Mazumdar M, Bajorin DF, Bosl GJ, Lyn P, Vlamis V (1997) High-dose carboplatin, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide with autologous bone marrow transplantation in first-line therapy for patients with poor-risk germ cell tumors. J Clin Oncol 15, 2546-2552

192. Gerl A, Clemm C, Lamerz R, Mann K, Wilmanns W (1993) Prognostic implications of tumour marker analysis in non-seminomatous germ cell tumours with poor prognosis metastatic disease. Eur J Cancer 29A, 961-965

193. Murphy BA, Motzer RJ, Mazumdar M, Vlamis V, Nisselbaum J, Bajorin D, Bosl GJ (1994) Serum tumor marker decline is an early predictor of treatment outcome in germ cell tumor patients treated with cisplatin and ifosfamide salvage chemotherapy. Cancer 73, 2520-2526

194. de Wit R, Collette L, Sylvester R, de Mulder PH, Sleijfer DT, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, Kaye SB, van Oosterom AT, Boven E, Stoter G (1998) Serum alpha-fetoprotein surge after the initiation of chemotherapy for non-seminomatous testicular cancer has an adverse prognostic significance. Br J Cancer 78, 1350-1355

195. Zon RT, Nichols C, Einhorn LH (1998) Management strategies and outcomes of germ cell tumor patients with very high human chorionic gonadotropin levels. J Clin Oncol 16, 1294-1297
 

Residualtumorresektion

173. Kuczyk M, Machtens S, Stief C, Jonas U (1999) Management of the post-chemotherapy residual mass in patients with advanced stage non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (GCT). Int J Cancer 83, 852-855

196. Fossa SD, Borge L, Aas N, Johannessen NB, Stenwig AE, Kallhus O (1987)Treatment of advanced metastatic seminoma : experience in 55 cases. J Clin Oncol 5, 1071-1077

197. Herr HW, Bosl G (1987) Residual mass after chemotherapy for seminoma: changing concepts of management. J Urol 137, 1234-1235

198. Hofmockel G, Gruss A, Theiss M (1996) Chemotherapy in advanced seminoma and the role of postcytostatic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Urol Int 57, 38-42

199. Kamat MR, Kulkarni JN, Tongoankar HB, Ravi R (1992) Value of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in advanced testicular seminoma. J Surg Oncol 51, 65-67

200. Loehrer PJ Sr, Birch R, Williams SD, Greco FA, Einhorn LH (1987) Chemotherapy of metastatic seminoma: The Southeastern Cancer Study Group experience. J Clin Oncol 5, 1212-1220

201. Motzer R, Bosl G, Heelan R, Fair W, Whitmore W, Sogani P, Herr H, Morse M (1987) Residual mass: an indication for further therapy in patients with advanced seminoma following systemic chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 5, 1064-1070

202. Peckham MJ, Horwich A, Hendry WF (1985) Advanced seminoma treatment with cisplatinum based combination chemotherapy or carboplatin (JM8). Br J Cancer 52, 7-13

203. Duchesne GM, Stenning SP, Aass N, Mead GM, Fossa SD, Oliver RTD, Horwich A, Read G, Roberts IT, Rustin G, Cullen MH, Kaye SB, Harland SJ, Cook PA (1997) Radiotherapy after chemotherapy for metastatic seminoma - a diminishing role. Eur J Cancer 33, 829-835

204. Bamberg M, Claßen J (1998) Stellenwert der Strahlentherapie von Residualtumoren nach Chemotherapie metastasierter Seminome. Strahlenther Onkol 174, 442-443

205. Puc H, Heelan R, Mazumdar M, Herr H, Sheinfeld J, Vlamis V, Bajorin DF, Bosl GJ, Mencel P, Motzer RJ (1996) Management of residual mass in advanced seminoma: results and recommendations from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. J Clin Oncol 14, 454-460

206. Fossa SD, Ous S, Lien HH, Stenwig AE (1989) Post-chemotherapy lymph node histology in radiologically normal patients with metastatic nonseminomatous testicular cancer. J Urol 141, 557-559

207. Toner GC, Panicek DM, Heelan RT, Geller NL, Lin SY, Bajorin D, Motzer RJ, Scher HJ, Herr HW, Morse MJ (1990): Adjunctive surgery after chemotherapy for nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: recommendations for patient selection. J Clin Oncol 8, 1683-1694

208. Donohue JP, Rowland RG, Kopecky K, Steidle CP, Geier G, Ney KG, Einhorn L, Williams S, Loehrer P (1987): Correlation of computerized tomographic changes and histological findings in 80 patients having radical retroperitoneal lymph node dissection after chemotherapy for testis cancer. J Urol 137, 1176-1179

209. - Richie JP (1984) The surgical management of advanced abdominal disease. Semin Urol 2, 238-243

210. Stomper PC, Fung CY, Socinski MA, Jochelson MS, Garnick MB, Richie JP (1987) Detection of retroperitoneal metastases in early-stage nonseminomatous testicular cancer: analysis of different CT criteria. Am J Roentgenol 149, 1187-1190

211. Aprikian AG, Herr HW, Bajorin DF, Bosl GJ (1994) Resection of postchemotherapy residual masses and limited retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in patients with metastatic testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Cancer 74, 1329-1334

212. Herr HW (1997) Does necrosis on frozen-section analysis of a mass after chemotherapy justify a limited retroperitoneal resection in patients with advanced testis cancer? Br J Urol 80, 653-657

213. Hendry WF, A´Hern RP, Hetherington JW, Peckham MJ, Dearnaley DP, Horwich A (1993) Para-aortic lymphadenectomy after chemotherapy for metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumors: prognostic value and therapeutic benefit. Br J Urol 71, 208-213

214. Wood DP, Herr HW, Heller G, Vlamis V, Sogani PC, Motzer RJ, Fair WR, Bosl GJ (1992) Distribution of retroperitoneal metastases after chemotherapy in patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. J Urol 148, 1812-1816

215. Baniel J, Foster RS, Rowland RG, Bihrle R, Donohue JP (1995) Complications of post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. J Urol 153, 976-980

216. Hartmann JT, Schmoll H-J, Kuczyk MA, Candelaria M, Bokemeyer C (1997a) Postchemotherapy resections of residual masses from metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. Ann Oncol 8, 531-538

217. Rabbani F, Goldenberg SL, Gleave ME, Paterson RF, Murray N, Sullivan LD (1998) Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for post-chemotherapy residual masses: is a modified dissection and resection of the residual mass sufficient ? Br J Urol 81, 295-300

218. Tekgul S, Özen HA, Celebi I, Özgu I, Ergen A, Demircin M, Remzi D (1994) Postchemotherapeutic surgery for metastatic testicular germ cell tumors: results of extended primary chemotherapy and limited surgery. Urology 43, 349-354

219. Steyerberg EW, Keizer HJ, Fossa SD, Sleijfer DT, Toner GC, Schraffordt Koops H, Mulders PF, Messemer JE, Ney K, Donohue JP (1995) Prediction of residual retroperitoneal mass histology after chemotherapy for metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumor: multivariate analysis of individual patient data from six study groups. J Clin Oncol 13, 1177-1187

220. Hartmann JT, Candelaria M, Kuczyk MA, Schmoll H-J, Bokemeyer C (1997b) Comparison of histological results from the resection of residual masses at different sites after chemotherapy for metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumours. Eur J Cancer 33, 843-847

221. Stenning SP, Parkinson MC, Fisher C, Mead GM, Cook PA, Fossa SD, Horwich A, Jones WG, Newlands ES, Oliver RT, Stenwig AE. Wilkinson PM for the MRC Testicular Tumour Working Party (1998) Postchemotherapy residual masses in germ cell tumor patients: content, clinical features, and prognosis. Medical Research Council Testicular Tumour Working Party. Cancer 83, 1409-1419

222. Weinknecht S, Hartmann M, Weißbach L: Bei welchen markerpositiven Patienten mit Keimzelltumoren ist die Residualtumorresektion sinnvoll? (1998) Urologe A 37, 621-624

223. Cagini L, Nicholson AG, Horwich A, Goldstraw P, Pastorino U (1998) Thoracic metastasectomy for germ cell tumours: long term survival and prognostic factors. Ann Oncol 9, 1185-1191

224. Tiffany P, Morse MJ, Bosl G, Vaughan ED, Sogani PC, Herr HW, Whitmore WF (1986) Sequential excision of residual thoracic and retroperitoneal masses after chemotherapy for stage III germ cel tumors. Cancer 57, 978-983

225. Donohue JP (1989) The case for retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy after chemotherapy for selected patients with nonseminomatous tumours of the testis. In: Carlton CE (ed) Controversies in Urology. Year Book Publishers, Chicago, pp 225-229

226. Hendry WF, Barrett A, McElwain JJ, Wallace DM, Peckham MJ (1980) The role of surgery in the combined management of metastases from malignant teratomas of the testis. Br J Urol 52, 38-44
 

Konsolidierende Chemotherapie nach Resektion von vitalem Resttumor

216. Hartmann JT, Schmoll H-J, Kuczyk MA, Candelaria M, Bokemeyer C (1997) Postchemotherapy resections of residual masses from metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. Ann Oncol 8, 531 - 538

221. Stenning SP, Parkinson MC, Fisher C, Mead GM, Cook PA, Fossa SD, Horwich A, Jones WG, Newlands ES, Oliver RT, Stenwig AE. Wilkinson PM for the MRC Testicular Tumour Working Party (1998) Postchemotherapy residual masses in germ cell tumor patients: content, clinical features, and prognosis. Medical Research Council Testicular Tumour Working Party. Cancer 83, 1409-1419
 

Systemische Salvagetherapie

116. Fossa SD, Stenning SP, Gerl A, Horwich A, Clark PI, Wilkinson PM, Jones WG, Williams MV, Oliver RT, Newlands ES, Mead GM, Cullen MH, Kaye SB, Rustin GJ, Cook PA (1999) Prognostic factors in patients progressing after cisplatin-based chemotherapy for malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumours. Br J Cancer 80, 1392-1399

227. Miller KD, Loehrer PJ, Gonin R, Einhorn LH (1997) Salvage chemotherapy with vinblastine, ifosfamide, and cisplatin in recurrent seminoma. J Clin Oncol 15, 1427-1431

228. Beyer J, Bokemeyer C, Schmoll HJ, Siegert W (1998) Salvagetherapie rezidivierter und refraktärer Hodentumoren. Onkologe 4, 541-546

therapy in germ cell tumors: response and survival. J Clin Oncol 15, 2559-2563

229. Loehrer PJ Sr, Gonin R, Nichols CR, Weathers T, Einhorn LH (1998) Vinblastine plus ifosfamide plus cisplatin as initial salvage therapy in recurrent germ cell tumor. J Clin Oncol 16, 2500-2504

230. Kaye SB, Mead GM, Fossa S, Cullen M, deWit R, Bodrogi I, van Groeningen C, Sylvester R, Collette L, Stenning S, De Prijck, Lallemand E, deMulder P (1998) Intensive induction-sequential chemotherapy with BOP/VIP-B compared with treatment with BEP/EP for poor prognosis metastatic germ cell tumor: a randomized Medical Research Council/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer study. J Clin Oncol 16, 692-701

231. Beyer J, Stenning S, Gerl A, Fossa S, Siegert W (1999) High-dose versus conventional-dose first-salvage treatment in nonseminoma: a matched-pair analysis. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 19, 326a (abstract 1255)
 

Operative Rezidiv-/ Salvagetherapie

116. Fossa SD, Stenning SP, Gerl A, Horwich A, Clark PI, Wilkinson PM, Jones WG, Williams MV, Oliver RT, Newlands ES, Mead GM, Cullen MH, Kaye SB, Rustin GJ, Cook PA (1999) Prognostic factors in patients progressing after cisplatin-based chemotherapy for malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumours. Br J Cancer 80, 1392-1399

216. Hartmann JT, Schmoll H-J, Kuczyk MA, Candelaria M, Bokemeyer C (1997) Postchemotherapy resections of residual masses from metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. Ann Oncol 8, 531-538

222. Weinknecht S, Hartmann M, Weißbach L (1998) Bei welchen markerpositiven Patienten mit Keimzelltumoren ist die Residualtumorresektion sinnvoll? Urologe A 37, 621-624

232. Baniel J, Foster RS, Gonin R, Messemer JE, Donohue JP, Einhorn LH (1995) Late relapse of testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol 13, 1170-1176 

214. Wood DP, Herr HW, Heller G, Vlamis V, Sogani PC, Motzer RJ, Fair WR, Bosl GJ (1992) Distribution of retroperitoneal metastases after chemotherapy in patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. J Urol 148, 1812-1816

224. Tiffany P, Morse MJ, Bosl G, Vaughan ED, Sogani PC, Herr HW, Whitmore WF (1986) Sequential excision of residual thoracic and retroperitoneal masses after chemotherapy for stage III germ cel tumors. Cancer 57, 978-983

233. Cassidy J, Lewis CR, Kaye SB, Kirk D (1992) The changing role of surgery in metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumour. Br J Cancer 65, 127-129

234. Coogan CL, Foster RS, Rowland RG, Bihrle R, Smith ER Jr, Einhorn LH, Roth BJ, Donohue (1997) Postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is effective therapy in selected patients with elevated tumor markers after primary chemotherapy alone. Urology 50, 957-962

235. Eastham JA, Wilson TG, Russell C, Ahlering TE, Skinner DG (1994) Surgical resection in patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumor who fail to normalize serum tumor markers after chemotherapy. Urology 43, 74-80

236. Foster RS, Donohue JP(1998) Can retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy be omitted in some patients after chemotherapy? Urol Clin North Am 25, 479-484

237. Gerl A, Clemm C, Schmeller N, Hentrich M, Lamerz R, Wilmanns W (1997) Late relapse of germ cell tumors after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 8, 41-47 

238. Kisbenedek L, Bodrogi I, Szeldeli P, Baki M, Tenke P, Horti J (1995) Results of salvage retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy (RLA) in the treatment of patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors remaining marker positive after inductive chemotherapy. Int Urol Nephrol 27, 325-329

239. Murphy BR, Breeden ES, Donohue JP, Messemer J, Walsh W, Roth BJ, Einhorn LH (1993) Surgical salvage of chemorefractory germ cell tumors. J Clin Oncol 11, 324-329 

240. Nichols C (1999) Treatment of recurrent germ cell tumors. Semin Surg Oncol 17, 268-274

241. Ravi R, Ong J, Oliver RT, Badenoch DF, Fowler CG, Hendry WF (1998) Surgery as salvage therapy in chemotherapy-resistant nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Br J Urol 81, 884-888
 

Organisatorisches zur Durchführung der Lymphadenektomie und Chemotherapie

242. Albers P, Dommer K, Müller, SC (1998) Hodentumoren – Todesfälle und Rezidive nach inadäquater Therapie. Urologe A 37, 625-628

243. Collette L, Sylvester RJ, Stenning SP, Fossa SD, Mead GM, de Wit R, de Mulder PH, Neymark N, Lallemand E, Kaye (1999) Impact of the treating institution on survival of patients with "poor-prognosis" metastatic nonseminoma. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genito-Urinary Tract Cancer Collaborativ Group and the Medical Research Council Testicular Cancer Working Party. J Natl Cancer Inst 91, 839-846

244. Unger G, Wegener G, Günther B (1996) Hodentumoren in Niedersachsen und Bremen. Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Niedersachsen, Hannover
 

Evaluation des Therapieergebnisses

54. White PM, Howard GC, Best JJ, Wright AR (1997) The role of computed tomographic examination of the pelvis in the management of testicular germ cell tumours. Clin Radiol 52, 124-129

55. White PM, Adamson DJA, Howard GCW, Wright AR (1999) Imaging of the thorax in the management of germ cell testicular tumours. Clin Radiol 54, 207-211

242. Albers P, Dommer K, Müller, SC (1998) Hodentumoren – Todesfälle und Rezidive nach inadäquater Therapie. Urologe A 37, 625-628

243. Collette L, Sylvester RJ, Stenning SP, Fossa SD, Mead GM, de Wit R, de Mulder PH, Neymark N, Lallemand E, Kaye (1999) Impact of the treating institution on survival of patients with "poor-prognosis" metastatic nonseminoma. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genito-Urinary Tract Cancer Collaborativ Group and the Medical Research Council Testicular Cancer Working Party. J Natl Cancer Inst 91, 839-846

244. Unger G, Wegener G, Günther B (1996) Hodentumoren in Niedersachsen und Bremen. Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Niedersachsen, Hannover

245. Wright AR, White PM (1999) Testicular cancer – who needs surveillance pelvic CT? Clin Radiol 44, 78
 
 

Nachsorge - Studien, die sich ausschliesslich mit Nachsorgeempfehlungen  befassen

156. Sharir S, Foster RS, Jewett MAS, Sturgeon JFG, Moore M, Donohue JP (1996) Optimizing follow up for early stage nonseminomatous testicular cancer. J Urol 155, 327a EBM III/IV

246. Schölermann KH, Dettmann R, Hartmann M (1996) Die risikogesteuerte Hodentumornachsorge. Urologe A 35, 326-330 EBM III

247. Sharir S, Foster RS, Donohue JP, Jewett MA (1996) What is the appropriate follow up after treatment? Semin Urol Oncol 14, 45-35 EBM III/IV

248. Empfehlungen der ACS (American Cancer Society) (1996): Consultants: Einhorn LH, Bosl G in: Fischer DS (ed.): Follow-up of cancer: Testicular cancer. A handbook for physicians, 4th ed. Lippincott-Raven Publisher, Philadelphia New York, pp 68-69; 70-73 EBM IV
 
 

Nachsorge - Seminome im klinischen Stadium I

123. Warde P, Gospodarowicz MK, Panzarella T, Catton CN, Sturgeon JF, Moore M, Goodman P, Jewett MA (1995) Stage I testicular seminoma: results of adjuvant irradiation and surveillance. J Clin Oncol 13, 2255-2262 EBM III

128. Warde P, Jewett M (1998) Surveillance for stage I testicular seminoma. Is it a good option? Urol Clin North Am 25, 425-433 EBM III

138. Sternberg CN (1998) The management of stage I testis cancer. Urol Clin North Am 25, 435-449 EBM IA

249. Coleman JM, Coleman RE, Turner AR, Radstone CR, Champion AE (1998) The management and clinical course of testicular seminoma: 15 years‘ experience at a single institution. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 10, 237-241 EBM III

250. Miki T, Nonomura N, Saiki S, Kotake T (1998) Long-term results of adjuvant irradiation or surveillance in stage I testicular seminoma. Int J Urol 5, 357-360 EBM III
 

Nachsorge - Seminome im klinischen Stadium II A/B nach Radiotherapie

142. Bauman GS, Venkatesan VM, Ago CT, Radwan JS, Dar AR, Winquist EW (1998) Postoperative radiotherapy for stage I/II seminoma: results for 212 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 42, 313-317 EBM III

149. Warde P, Gospodarowicz M, Panzarella T, Catton C, Sturgeon J, Moore M, Jewett M (1998) Management of stage II seminoma. J Clin Oncol 16, 290-294 EBM III

251. Morgan G, Leong T, Berg D (1997) Management of seminoma of the testis: recommandations based on treatment results. Aust NZ Surg 67, 15-20 EBM III

Nachsorge - Seminome im klinischen Stadium II B nach Chemotherapie(3 Zyklen Standardtherapie)

232. Baniel J, Foster RS, Gonin R, Messemer JE, Donohue JP, Einhorn LH (1995) Late relapse of testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol 13, 1170-1176 EBM III

246. Schölermann KH, Dettmann R, Hartmann M (1996) Die risikogesteuerte Hodentumornachsorge. Urologe A 35, 326-330 EBM III
 
 

Nachsorge - Nicht-Seminome im klinischen Stadium I nach retroperitonealer Lymphadenektomie (RLA)

246. Schölermann KH, Dettmann R, Hartmann M (1996) Die risikogesteuerte Hodentumornachsorge. Urologe A 35, 326-330 EBM III

252. Gels ME, Hoekstra HJ, Sleijfer DT, Marrink J, de Bruijn HW, Molenaar WM, Freling NJ, Droste JH, Schaffordt Koops (1995) Detection of recurrence in patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors and consequences for further follow-up: a single center 10-years experience. J Clin Oncol 13, 1188-1194 EBM III

253. Sharir S, Jewett MA, Sturgeon JF, Moore M, Warde PR, Catton CN, Gospodarowicz MK (1999) Progression detection of stage I nonseminomatous testis cancer on surveillance: implications for the followup protocol. J Urol 161, 472-476 EBM III

254. Thomas R, Dearnaley D, Nicholls J, Norman A, Sampson S, Horwich A (1996). An analysis of surveillance for stage I combined teratoma-seminoma of the testis. Br J Cancer 74, 59-62 EBM III
 
 

Nachsorge - Surveillance

106. Sogani PC, Perrotti M, Herr HW, Fair WR, Thaler HAT, Bosl G (1998) Clinical stage I testis cancer: longterm outcome of patients on surveillance. J Urol 159, 855–858 EBM IIA

160. Pont J, Albrecht W, Postner G, Sellner F, Angel K, Höltl W (1996) Adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular germ cell cancer: long-term results of a prospective trial. J Clin Oncol 14, 441-448 EBM IIB

252. Gels ME, Hoekstra HJ, Sleijfer DT, Marrink J, de Bruijn HW, Molenaar WM, Freling NJ, Droste JH, Schaffordt Koops (1995) Detection of recurrence in patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors and consequences for further follow-up: a single center 10-years experience. J Clin Oncol 13, 1188-1194 EBM III

253. Sharir S, Jewett MA, Sturgeon JF, Moore M, Warde PR, Catton CN, Gospodarowicz MK (1999) Progression detection of stage I nonseminomatous testis cancer on surveillance: implications for the followup protocol. J Urol 161, 472-476 EBM III
 
 

Nachsorge - Nicht-Seminome im klinischen Stadium II A/B nach RLA + adjuvanter Chemotherapie

237. Gerl A, Clemm C, Schmeller N, Hentrich M, Lamerz R, Wilmanns W (1997) Late relapse of germ cell tumors after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 8, 41-47 EBM III

255. Donohue JP, Thornhill JA, Foster RS, Rowland RG, Bihrle R (1995) Clinical stage B nonseminomatous germ cell testis cancer: the Indiana University experience (1965-1985) using routine primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Eur J Cancer 31 A, 1599-1604 EBM III

256. Frohlich MW, Small EJ (1998) Stage II seminomatous testis cancer: the roles of primary and adjuvant chemotherapy. Urol Clin North Am 25, 451-459 EBM IA

257. Motzer RJ (1996) Adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II nonseminomatous testicular cancer: what is ist role? Sem Urol Oncol 14, 30-33 EBM IA
 
 

Nachsorge - Nicht-Seminome im klinischen Stadium II A nach RLA ohne adjuvante Chemotherapie

165. Donohue JP, Thornhill JA, Foster RS, Bihrle R, Rowland RG, Einhorn LH (1995) The role of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in clinical stage B testis cancer: The Indiana University experience (1965 to 1989). J Urol 153, 85-89 EBM III
 

Nachsorge - Primäre Chemotherapie +/- Postchemotherapie-RLA (PCRLA)

258. Culine S, Theodore C, Court BH, Perrin JL, Droz JP (1997) Evaluation of primary standard cisplatin-based chemotherapy for clinical stage II non-seminomatous germ cell tumours of the testis. Br J Urol 79, 258-262 EBM III

259. Horwich A, Norman A, Fisher C, Hendry WF, Nicholls J, Dearnaley DP (1994) Primary chemotherapy for stage II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. J Urol 151, 72-78 EBM III

260. Horwich A, Stenning S (1994) Initial chemotherapy for stage II testicular nonseminoma. World J Urol 12, 148-150 EBM III
 
 



Nachsorge - Seminome / Nicht-Seminome II C / III nach RLA + adjuvanter Chemotherapie

116. Fossa SD, Stenning SP, Gerl A, Horwich A, Clark PI, Wilkinson PM, Jones WG, Williams MV, Oliver RT, Newlands ES, Mead GM, Cullen MH, Kaye SB, Rustin GJ, Cook PA (1999) Prognostic factors in patients progressing after cisplatin-based chemotherapy for malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumours. Br J Cancer 80, 1392-1399 EBM III

237. Gerl A, Clemm C, Schmeller N, Hentrich M, Lamerz R, Wilmanns W (1997) Late relapse of germ cell tumors after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 8, 41-47 EBM III

261. Donohue JP, Foster RS, Little JS, Loehrer PJ, Einhorn LE (1996) Biology of metastases and its clinical implications: testicular germ-cell tumors. World J Urol 14, 197-203 EBM III

262. Ravi R, Oliver RTD, Ong J, Badenoch DF, Fowler CG, Paris AMI, Hendry WF (1997) A single-center observational study of surgery and late malignant events after chemotherapy for germ cell cancer. Br J Urol 80, 647-652 EBM III
 
 


Spätrezidive

232. Baniel J, Foster RS, Gonin R, Messemer JE, Donohue JP, Einhorn LH (1995) Late relapse of testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol 13, 1170-1176 EBM IV

237. Gerl A, Clemm C, Schmeller N, Hentrich M, Lamerz R, Wilmanns W (1997) Late relapse of germ cell tumors after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 8, 41-47 EBM III

263. Sonneveld D, Sleijfer D, Schraffordt Koops H, Keemers-Gels M, Molenaar W, Hoekstra H (1998) Mature teratoma identified after postchemotherapy surgery in patients with disseminated nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors. Cancer 82, 1343-1351 EBM III
 
 


Becken CT / Thorax CT

55. White PM, Adamson DJA, Howard GCW, Wright AR (1999) Imaging of the thorax in the management of germ cell testicular tumours. Clin Radiol 54, 207-211 EBM III

245. Wright AR, White PM (1999) Testicular cancer – who needs surveillance pelvic CT? Clin Radiol 44, 78 EBM IV
 
 

Mögliche Spätfolgen / Induktion von Sekundärneoplasien

136. Travis LB, Curtis RE, Storm H, Hall P, Holowaty E, Van Leeuwen FE, Kohler BA, Pukkala E, Lynch CF, Andersson M, Bergfeldt K, Clarke EA, Wiklund T, Stoter G, Gospodarowicz M, Sturgeon J, Fraumeni JF, Boice JD (1997) Risk of second malignant neoplasms among long-term survivors of testicular cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 89, 1429-1439

137. Travis L, Andersson M, Holowarty E, Van Leeuwen F, Bergfeldt K, Lynch C, Kohler B, Wiklund T, Curtis R, Storm H, Clarke E, Hall P, Pukkala E, Sturgeon J, Boice Jr, J, Gospodarowicz M, Sovall M, Gilbert E (1999) Risk of Leukemia following radiotherapy and chemotherapy for testicular cancer. Proc Am Soc Clin Onc 18, 308a (abstract 1185)

181. Bokemeyer C, Schmoll H-J (1993) Secondary neoplasms following treatment of malignant germ cell tumors. J Clin Oncol 11, 1703-1709